The History and Traditions Behind Thanksgiving: A Cultural Journey

by KLNovember 16, 2024

The History and Traditions Behind Thanksgiving: A Cultural Journey

In the United States, this is considered the most joyful time of the year, a season to gather with family and friends, share a meal, and reflect on what we’re grateful for. Originally a harvest festival, Thanksgiving has evolved into a significant occasion across the country. Families and friends unite to enjoy a meal and express gratitude. However, Thanksgiving offers more than just feasting—it includes a variety of activities such as parades, shopping, races, and charitable events.

History of Thanksgiving

There are various accounts regarding the precise location of the first Thanksgiving, but the widely accepted story is that it was celebrated by the pilgrims in 1621 at Plymouth Colony (now Plymouth, Massachusetts), marking the first Thanksgiving in the United States. President Abraham Lincoln made the last Thursday in November an official day of thanksgiving in a proclamation over two centuries ago. However, it wasn’t until 1941 that Congress declared Thanksgiving a federal holiday.

The request for a nationwide thanksgiving festival came after the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga during the Revolutionary War. In 1789, on the final Thursday of November, George Washington called for a national day of thanks to honor the adoption of the Constitution and the end of the American Revolution. Both the Confederate and Union sides recognized Thanksgiving as a national holiday following major events during the Civil War.

Traditions related to Thanksgiving

New York City’s Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade has been a tradition since 1924. Initially called the Macy’s Christmas Parade, it was created to kick off the holiday shopping season. Macy’s employees organized the first parade in 1924 and invited wildlife from the Central Park Zoo. Today, the parade is known for its giant balloons, and it’s estimated that over 3 million people watch it in person every year, with an additional 44 million tuning in on television.

Turkey

Although there’s no definitive reason why turkey became the main dish at Thanksgiving, it’s likely because it was the most readily available meat in Plymouth Colony in 1621. Since then, turkey has become synonymous with the holiday. The National Turkey Federation reports that over 95% of U.S. Thanksgiving dinners feature turkey, and approximately 280 million turkeys are sold in the weeks leading up to the holiday. The 1621 feast likely included turkey, venison, ducks, lobster, salmon, clams, pumpkin, zucchini, cranberries, and fruits—many of which are still staples of modern Thanksgiving meals.

The Wishbone

A popular Thanksgiving tradition involves breaking the turkey’s wishbone. Two people pull on the bone while making a wish, and the person who gets the larger piece is believed to have their wish granted. This custom dates back to around 322 B.C. in Etruscan culture and was carried to England by the Romans, later brought to America by English colonists.

Link Between Thanksgiving and “Mary Had a Little Lamb”

In 1863, President Lincoln made Thanksgiving a national holiday, setting it for the fourth Thursday of November. The push for this declaration came from Sarah Josepha Hale, the poet behind “Mary Had a Little Lamb,” who had long advocated for a national day of thanksgiving.

Contributing to Society

Many U.S. towns hold food drives during Thanksgiving to collect non-perishable items for those in need, continuing the spirit of community and giving. These drives often culminate in community feasts so that everyone can enjoy a meal together.

Pumpkin Pie with Family

A beloved tradition, especially in the Midwest, green bean casserole has become a popular side dish for Thanksgiving. After the main meal, pumpkin pie is a classic dessert, a tradition dating back to early 18th-century New England. In 1705, a molasses shortage delayed a Thanksgiving dinner in Colchester, Connecticut, but pumpkin pie was still part of the celebration. No Thanksgiving would be complete without it, and of course, the time spent with family.

Celebration of Thanksgiving

A proper Thanksgiving celebration wouldn’t be complete without turkey and its traditional accompaniments. Smoked turkey, cranberry relish, stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy, yams, and Brussels sprouts are all essential sides for the meal.

Football and Thanksgiving

Thanksgiving gatherings often center around family and football. This tradition dates back to 1876, when the first football game between Yale and Princeton was played on Thanksgiving Day. Since then, watching football has become an integral part of the holiday, and it’s remarkable how one game from 1876 has influenced a longstanding tradition connected to this celebration.

“Drinksgiving” on the Wednesday Before Thanksgiving

The night before Thanksgiving has become known as “Drinksgiving,” a lively and often boozy evening in the lead-up to the big meal. It’s now considered one of the biggest drinking nights of the year, with many businesses, especially bars, seeing a boost in sales. Uber has even offered free rides on this night to accommodate the increased demand.

Black Friday: Shopping Extravaganza

The day after Thanksgiving, known as Black Friday, has evolved into one of the busiest shopping days of the year. This day has become almost like a holiday in itself, with people waking up early to grab the best deals and begin their holiday shopping. Although online shopping has gained popularity, many still line up for early bird sales in stores.